Art for Children Developmental Stages in Art
Notes shown in class, 1 p.m. Thursday, March 11, 1999." Marvin Bartel, instructor
These are review notes. Images are not included because copyright permission has not been acquired for web posting.

From: Viktor Lowenfeld. Creative and Mental Growth , 4th ed.

"We Are Playing on the Playground" by girl age 8. page 175.
Is the schema for a running girl different than a standing girl? Is the circle from experience or from visual perception?
See reserve in library to see a copy of the book by Lowenfeld.


Lowenfeld’s Stages
ages & stages
Marianne S. Kerlavage’s
Stages
from our text, Creating Meaning Through Art, Chapter 2, Stages

  • 2-4 Scribbling
  • 4-7 Preschematic
  • 7-9 Schematic
  • 9-11 Dawning Realism
  • 11-13 Pseudo-Naturalistic
  • 13-17 Crisis of Adolescence
  • 2-4 Mark Making
  • 4-7 Early Symbol Making
  • 7-9 Symbol Making
  • 9-11 Emerging Expertise
  • 11-13 Artistic Challenges
  • 14-17 Artistic Thinking
Characteristics of Scribbles Color Usage How to Motivate Good Materials to Use
Disordered Not consciously used Encouragement Large black crayons

Poster paint

Clay

Longitudinal

Circular

Do not discourage from scribbling
Naming Color used to distinguish different meanings of scribbles Continue child's story to encourage thinking Colored crayons

Poster paint

Clay

Markers


What does it look like? Human Figure Space Use of

Color

Design How to Motivate What Materials?
Shows a drawing is based on thinking.

Searching for symbols - lots of changes

Circular head.

Lines for legs and arms.

Symbol depends on active knowledge while working.

Self as center

No orderly arrangement

"There is . . . . ."

Emotional use.

"This is my doll."

Arbitrary

Emotional

Only intui-tive Use topics about self.

Make passive active.

Body parts

Crayons

Clay

Thick tempera paint

Large bristle brush

Large paper


Schematic - Symbol Making 7-9
How it looks
Human figure
Space
Color
Design
Motivation
Art
Material
Definite concept of people etc

Repetition

Schema is rigid

Experience shows deviations

Same figure repeated

Experience shown

- with exaggeration

- with omission

- change of parts

Base line

Sky line

Fold over

Mixed views

X-ray

Relate color to object in repeated way

Change color if experience dictates

Not conscious use of design Use we, action, where

Time sequence (travel, stories)

Inside-Outside for X-ray (school, home, etc.)

Crayons

Colored Chalk

Tempera

Bristle brush

Clay for synthetic and analytic



Dawning Realism (Gang Age) 9 - 11
"Standing in the Rain"  age 11 from Lowenfeld
Creative and Mental Growth, 4th ed.
Page 207


Dawning Realism 9-11
Emerging Expertise
Typical Human Space Color Design Topics Material
Gang age

Less cooperative with adults

More aware of self and gender

Cloths

Uniforms

Hair

Gender

More realistic lines

Plane

Over-lap-ping

Emotional use of color.

Color used based on experience

ComposePictures

Aware of qualities of material

Special careers, activities, for dresses, suits, etc

Group work

Objective cooperation (doing it)

Subjective cooperation (about doing it)

Cut Paper

Tempera

Crayons

Mural chalks

Clay

Paper mache

Wood

Metal

Print-making



The Psuedo-Naturalistic Stage: The Stage of Reasoning 11-13
(text - Artistic challenges)

Tendency toward visual or non-visual (haptic)

Urge to show 3-dimensional illusion (visual)

Color to show distance (visual type)

Color used to show emotion, meaning (non-visual)

Size and elements seen as spectator (visual)

Size and elements seen as participant (non-visual)

Lessons: Sketching, aesthetic interpretation, balance, rhythm, observation (visual)

Topics: Emotional design, abstract expressive, functional (non-visual)

All materials

Illustration showed "Moses Strikes the Rock" from Lowenfeld. Showed as participant non-visual and spectator visual.



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